Session A5: Encore, Enterprise, Primo and WorldCat Local: Explore the Evolving Discovery Tools for Your Catalog

Sunday, July 13, 2008 1:30 p.m. - 2:45 p.m.

• Richard M. Jost, University of Washington, Gallagher Law Library
• Mary Jane Kelsey, Yale Law School, Lillian Goldman Library
• Julie Loder, Vanderbilt University
• Debra Moore, Cerritos College

This session was a great way to get a taste of four of the major "discovery" products in a vendor-neutral setting. An excellent comparison of the features of all four platforms was compiled by the moderator, Keiko Okuhara of the University of Hawaii, and is available from the AALL handouts page at http://programmaterials.aallnet.org.

Mary Jane Kelsey spoke first about her experiences with Encore, Innovative Interfaces' (III) entry into the faceted browser market. They were development partners for Encore, and so were involved with its design from the beginning of the project.

• Their goals for implementing Encore included improving the user experience, increasing their return on their investment in the ILS and cataloging, maintaining a credible Web presence, and bridging the gap between the Law and University OPACs (the main library is currently on Voyager).
• As a current III customer, setup was pretty much plug-and-play, though increasing customization is available. Encore will also work with non-III systems, but the data is not displayed in real time.
• Encore displays a Google-like single search box. (A link to perform an index search is present on subsequent pages after the main search page.) Results are relevancy-ranked, with journal titles and electronic resources "pushed" to the top of the list; the latter are Yale's customizations to the ranking algorithm.
• Book jackets are shown at both the results and individual record level. Version 2.0 of Encore also features images from Yahoo "Safe Search" – though Mary Jane found some of those images not so "safe!"
• A built-in spell-check validates against the database to prevent dead-ends (though this sometimes gives odd results; for example, a search on "voter fraud" responds "do you mean violin fraud?").
• She finds the subject facts very useful; the ability to refine by tag includes a tag cloud displaying relative font sizes.

Debra Moore of Cerritos College presented their experiences with SirsiDynix's Enterprise Portal Solution (EPS) interface. They had not intended originally to implement a discovery platform, but they needed to migrate systems anyway and found funds available to make the switch, so they went ahead with EPS as their new interface for the new system.

• EPS is intended to be a total portal to the library, not just to its resources. It is built on a proprietary software system that allows the library to create content modules (called "rooms"). The library can customize the design of each "room" within limited parameters and can select which resources appear in each "room" (for example, you could have a "psychology room" with links to your local or other OPACs, journal databases, Web searches, etc.).
• Her favorite things about the system are the links to reviews, book jackets, and RSS feeds, and how the built-in federated search results display. (However, it is necessary to purchase a third-party product, such as Serial Solutions' 360 Search, to implement federated search.)
  
• Her not-so-favorite things are the lack of authority control (e.g., a search on "movies" instead of "motion pictures" will retrieve nothing), the clunkiness of the "room builder" software, the lack of faceted search results (though this is under development by SirsiDynix as a separate product), and the speed of the system.

Julie Loder of Vanderbilt University presented an overview of ExLibris' Primo. As Yale was with III, Vanderbilt was a development partner with ExLibris for Primo, and did a soft rollout of their "DiscoverLibrary" in Spring 2008.

• Their underlying OPAC is actually Unicorn, with Primo sitting "on top." At present the use of the native catalog is still required for "My Account" functions and requesting.
• Primo works by building "pipes" to various collections (local OPAC, digital repositories, other databases) from which it extracts metadata into a standard form and "normalizes" it into an XML or PNX record.
• Primo features include faceted search to refine results, built-in federated searching, "did you mean" spell-check based on the library's catalog metadata, user tagging, and user-customizable views. A new feature, called "third node searching," converts remote compatible databases to a Primo-type index for faster searching.
• Initial feedback from their students has been positive, and the Primo interface is increasing the visibility of their TVNews Archives.

Richard Jost spoke last about the University of Washington's experience with WorldCat Local. (Note: the law library is not yet implementing WorldCat Local; these experiences are based on the main library.) Their implementation searches three catalogs and four article databases through one interface, including links to full text via an OpenURL resolver. WorldCat Local is still under development and not officially in release; UW is a beta partner on the project. They are still doing testing on design, the results algorithm, and request methods.

• Results can be sorted for the user: in UW's case they display UW libraries first, consortial libraries second, and WorldCat results last. If all UW/consortial copies are checked out, the system automatically brings up an ILL form. The ease in which items can now be requested from non-UW libraries has increased their borrowing significantly.
• Record results are displayed in a tabbed format so users can easily navigate to information about subjects, editions, libraries holding the item, item details, and reviews. WorldCat Local also offers faceted search, advanced search options and a built-in SFX-like link for articles.
• One drawback is that WorldCat Local does not contain any 3rd-party resources for which OCLC does not have a license to put in WorldCat, such as Early English Books Online and some microform sets. For those materials users must return to the current catalog. Richard mentioned he expected these materials would eventually be able to be included, but he was dependent on OCLC obtaining the relevant licenses.

The Q&A session afterwards revealed some interesting similarities and differences among the systems. Most systems highlight the user's search terms in results (though this wasn't always apparent from the PowerPoint screenshots). Most also allow libraries some control over how results display and are sorted. Interestingly, none of the libraries had done a multi-vendor evaluation before choosing their now-implemented platform: three of the four were development partners or beta test sites, and Cerritos College chose EPS because it came with their new SirsiDynix system. In response to a comment from the audience that faceting is breaking apart pre-coordinated data, all four librarians said they did not think anything was being lost by this. Instead, users are now finding things they never would have before, and faceting is an improvement over plain keyword searching.

This was a truly interesting look at the state of things to come in library interfaces, and the 75 minutes really flew by.

Session D-2: The Good, the Bad, the Ugly: Rethinking Bibliographic Services in the 21st Century

Monday, July 14 8:45 a.m. – 9:30 a.m.

Richard Amelung, Saint Louis University, Omer Poos Law Library
Diane I. Hillmann, Director of Metadata Initiatives, the Information Institute of Syracuse

This session began with Richard Amelung, the AALL representative to the Working Group on the Future of Bibliographic Control presenting an overview of the Group's members and of its final report, which was disseminated in November 2007. Along the way he clarified several aspects of the report, the role of the Working Group, and the involvement of non-library parties that have evidently been causing misconceptions among libraries and librarians:

• Working Group members have been careful to make sure they are all sending out the same message to various library communities when individual members of the Group are invited to speak. However, they are not speaking on behalf of the Library of Congress, only the Working Group. Only LC speaks for LC.
  
• The Working Group is not responding to responses to the report. (As Richard noted, "the report's done, folks!") However, Working Group members are staying on in an advisory capacity to LC.
• The report was structured to identify what would happen if nothing was done, then provide several recommendations for action and the anticipated outcomes if the recommendations were implemented.
• The report was intentionally "long on ideas, but short on 'how'" – that is, it was focused on outcomes, not how they might be achieved. In this way, all involved parties would be given the maximum flexibility to develop their own ideas as to how best to achieve a given outcome. Planning for how to achieve these outcomes is what needs to happen next – the detailed steps behind how we will get from Point A to Point B.
• LC is involved with a vast amount of projects, but communication between various areas within LC– and to the outside world in general – about what is going on has been an ongoing problem. Many of these projects are in various stages of development, from fully implemented to pilot stages only, but they all seem to get mentioned as if they are all at the same stage – which they're not.
• The Working Group made recommendations to many entities outside of LC and the library/cataloging community, but many of these groups (publishers, vendors, etc.) need to be convinced of the importance of bibliographic control to their community, and to get involved.
• Standards creation currently takes so long that by the time a standard is completed the community has moved beyond it. Multiple groups are usually involved in standards development, and unfortunately they aren't necessarily working in a coordinated fashion.

After Richard's presentation, Diane Hillmann took the podium to present "After the Report," where she described what she agreed and didn't agree with in the final version of the report. Her detailed PowerPoint slides are available at http://hdl.handle.net/1813/11115 (with even more detailed comments at http://docs.google.com/View?docid=dn8z3gs_51dsqc77), but here are some of the highlights:

• In the age of mashups, is there any need to continue seeking the "holy grail" of a "unified philosophy of bibliographic control"? Libraries are no longer the only players in the information universe – yes, we may "do it better" than others, but maybe "good enough" is in fact good enough. Can we survive and thrive if we continue to insist on "unified" anything? Do we all have to agree on everything before any progress can be made?
• While the report recommended increasing efficiencies, it's possible we may have wrung all of the efficiencies possible out of our current systems. It's time to explore alternate distribution systems beyond our current networks. "Sharing materials" does not necessarily have to take place only within bibliographic utilities. OCLC doesn't handle images, single items, and media well on an item-level basis. Sharing data about these types of materials may be better handled through other distribution methods.
• Two big "YES"es from Diane: internationalizing authority files & transforming LCSH.
• Traditional cataloging has focused too long on the secondary products of research. The new mindset needs to be more like that of archivists and Metadata Librarians, focusing on primary materials.
• Without improved abilities for machines to manipulate our data, we are going to be locked out of participating in a world where the Web is everyone's platform. While we need a more flexible and extensible metadata carrier than MARC, LC is not necessarily well prepared to create it.
• The idea of "return on investment" is a non-starter, because right now we really don't know what that means, or how to achieve it.
• Suspending work on RDA made vendors breathe a sigh of relief (one less thing to do!) but it isn't realistic.
• For a good explanation of why user data will be important in relevance ranking and selection, Diane referred to LibraryThing founder Tim Spaulding's ALA presentation on his Thingology blog, http://www.librarything.com/thingology/2008/07/future-of-cataloging.php. (BTW, in the interests of full disclosure, I recently joined LibraryThing and think it's a blast.).

This was a very stimulating discussion, and for folks (like me, sorry) who just couldn't quite motivate themselves to read the final report in its entirety when it came out, a good overview of the highlights. It looks like the report will be generating discussion for some time to come, and stimulating the library profession to do some serious thinking about what we will want and need to do with "our" data (if we can even call it "ours" any more!) in the years ahead.

Task Group on Vendor Supplied Bibliographic Records

Good morning!



The Task Group on Vendor-Supplied Bibliographic Records has been working on a wiki, where we can publish evaluations of MARC record sets provided by various vendors, as well as any related information. We are happy to announce that the wiki is ready to go “live”, and can be found here.

Currently we have reviews and other information posted for BNA, CALI, HeinOnline, World Trials, MOML, and the Westlaw/Lexis records from Cassidy. Please note that some of these reviews are works in progress and may not yet be complete. The reviews will also be edited or updated as new information is received.

In addition, the VBR wiki also contains a link to Yael Mandelstam’s excellent AALL presentation, “ Demystifying Batchload Analysis.” It contains very useful information for analyzing large MARC record sets.

Angela
________________________________________________________________________________________

Angela Jones
Senior Technical Services Librarian
Underwood Law Library
Southern Methodist University

The Future of Subject Access in the 21st Century

Monday, July 14, 2008
4:00 - 5:15pm

Dr. Barbara Tillett
Chief, Cataloging Policy and Support Office, Library of Congress

Dr. Lois Mai Chan
Professor, School of Library and Information Science, University of Kentucky

Coordinated and moderated by Rhonda K. Lawrence

It was a great pleasure to hear these two accomplished women address the mystifying issue of how cataloging may be brought in line with current trends while at the same time retaining the positive aspects.

In her presentation, Dr. Tillett reviewed the LC assessment of the pros and cons of pre- versus post-coordination of Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) and resulting changes that are being implemented at LC. The entire report and appendices can be found on the web at http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/pre_vs_post.html

Definitions:

• Pre-coordination combines elements into one heading in anticipation of a search of that compound heading
• Post-coordination combines headings or keywords at the time of search by user

Pros of pre-coordination include context, precision, and suggestibility.

Cons of pre-coordination include training time, syntax not understood by end users, headings too specific and many used only once, syndetic or connecting structure not rigorous enough, and slow incorporation of new terms.

Cons of post-coordination include limitations for recall and precision, poor relevance ranking capabilities, and less understanding (without the context of the string).

The recommendations of the LC report, some of which have been implemented, included:

• Continue pre-coordinated strings
• Assist end-users through improved "front-end" to OPAC including social tagging experiments
• More automation of LCSH with software to suggest and verify subject headings
• Simplification by removing the language subdivision which is already in fixed and variable fields
• Utilize some form subdivisions in separate 655 (i.e. genre/form test with motions picture/tv currently being done)
• Offer LCSH in a Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS)

For the future, Dr. Tillett predicted that the global use of LCSH will expand and that the process will be improved to reduce costs and at the same time maintain the system.

In her presentation, Dr. Chan offered her suggestions for changes to LCSH which would be theoretically sound but at the same time be more useful to OPAC and web users. These ideas can also be found in her paper in the appendices to the LC report at http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/pre_vs_post.html

Dr. Chan contrasted keyword - the predominant way to retrieve information on the web - with controlled vocabulary - the primary way for subject retrieval in library catalogs and many online databases. She outlined the many advantages of LCSH including richness, comprehensiveness, standardization, and translation into many languages. Her question is -- how can LCSH be made more flexible?

Challenges for the continued viability of LCSH included improving compatibility with other controlled vocabularies, simplifying rules for heading construction, improving tools for automatic indexing, and striving for interoperability with other retrieval languages.

In order to do this Dr. Chan recommended that the terminology be separated from the application by reconfiguring LCSH into two separate files:

• The source vocabulary consisting of building blocks for subject cataloging and removing subject heading strings
• A validation file which has a list of validated subject heading strings, a keyword-searchable file created from 6xx fields, a browsing tool, and is maintained by updating subject headings in the source terms

Advantages of a source vocabulary would include easier maintenance, compatibility with other controlled vocabularies, amenability to different applications in organizations, easier translation to other languages, facilitating automatic assignment of subjects, and more compatibility with user-assigned terms and social tagging.

Advantages of a validation file would include increased productivity by easily accessible ready-made subject headings, higher rate of correctly constructed subject heading strings, and facilitating end-user browsing and searching by showing search terms in their proper context in the string.

Dr. Chan looked at the advantages and disadvantages of social tagging. The positives of user participation and empowerment are tempered by the inability to represent complexities which will become more of a problem as content scale increases (example of Flickr with 6000 pictures tagged as "summer vacation"). She suggested improving social tagging by suggesting LCSH subject headings to users during tagging and by mapping user-assigned tags to LCSH.

The lively discussion at the Roundtable following the presentation suggested that many of us are realizing changes are necessary, and are becoming engaged in the conversation. It was encouraging to see that leaders in the field are doing some creative thinking about options and stimulating discussion of some potentially reasonable, but not simple to implement, options for the future.

The Good, the Bad, the Ugly

Diane Hillmann's presentation from Monday, The Good, The Bad, The Ugly, can be found at: |http://hdl.handle.net/1813/11115|
Please check it out if you are interested!

Title: After the Report: Reactions to ?On The Record?
Authors: Hillmann, Diane I.
Keywords: cataloging / metadata
Issue Date: 16-Jul-2008
Abstract: Presentation at the American Association of Law Libraries annual meeting in Portland, OR, July 14, 2008.

Thanks,
Andrea


-posted by Andrea Rabbia

AALL pictures available at Flickr

http://flickr.com/photos/tags/aall2008/

Innovative Interfaces Law Users Roundtable

About 25-30 Innovative users joined the Roundtable at 12:00 pm on Tuesday, July 15th. Moderator Sarah Boling invited attendees to join one of six tables labeled with the subject of their choice, including Release 2007, Web OPAC/front end design, Research Pro, user authentication issues, acquisitions and ad hoc. The groups had lively discussion for about 45 minutes and reported back to the whole group.

Attendees ranged from new users to those with many years of experience. Within each group members made connections with others who had information or suggestions about their areas of concern, and either shared information at the time or agreed to make contact in the future.

The three topics selected were ad hoc, acquisitions, and Web/OPAC. However, the discussions were wider ranging. Topics discussed included emailing notices, ERM, federated searching, use of widgets, coverage load issues, Case, electronic invoices, Encore vs Research Pro, Release 2007 generally, as well as specifically spellchecking and printing issues.

Observations were made about the changes in customer service -- pro and con -- as Innovative grows larger. Members hoped to interact with the Innovative representative who ended up not making it to the Roundtable. However, all seemed to value having a forum to make connections and share information.